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Popular Science Anecdotes: Playing Cards Contain the Secrets of many Numbers

Popular Science Anecdotes: Playing Cards Contain the Secrets of many Numbers

2022-06-02 14:28:32

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It is recorded that playing cards were invented by astronomer Zhang Sui of the Tang Dynasty. They were originally called "leaf play" because playing cards are only as big as leaves. Ouyangxiu, a writer in the Song Dynasty, also recorded the "leaf play" in the "return to the field record", which explained that it was developed from the word game.

 

playing cards

 

A deck of playing cards has 54 cards, of which 52 are genuine cards and the other 2 are vice cards (King and Xiao Wang). The 52 genuine cards are equally divided into a group of 13 cards, and each group is represented by four colors: spades, hearts, clubs, and diamonds. The cards of each color include 13 cards marked from 1-10 (1 is usually represented as a) and j, Q, and K. The playing methods are ever-changing and diverse. The explanation of these 54 cards is also very interesting.

 

Among the 54 cards, the king represents the sun and Xiao Wang represents the moon. 52 cards are genuine. They represent 52 weeks of the year. The earth's revolution divides the year into four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Spades, hearts, grass flowers, and squares are used to represent the four seasons, while red hearts and squares represent the day, and black spades and grass flowers represent the night. Each suite has 13 cards, indicating that each season has 13 weeks. If J, Q, and K are regarded as 11, 12, and 13 points, and Wang and Wang are half points, the total points of a deck of playing cards are exactly 365 points. In leap years, big and small Wang is counted as 1 point respectively, a total of 366 points. Relevant researchers generally believe that these explanations are not coincidental, because the design and invention of playing cards are inextricably linked with astrology, divination, astronomy, and calendar.

 

In poker games, shuffling is also a mathematical science. Professor deaconess of the Department of mathematics at Harvard University and David Bayer of Columbia University proved that: a deck of playing cards. As long as you wash it for the seventh time, it will be close to a completely disordered state. They said: it is impossible to wash the cards well if you only wash them once or twice. Even if the card is shuffled four or five times, it will still retain the original arrangement mode to a large extent. A deck of cards is analogous to a large vat with white beads concentrated in the lower layer and black beads concentrated in the upper layer. The shuffling activity is equivalent to stirring the beads in the vat with a wooden stick. After stirring several times, you will see that the black-and-white marbles still have clear barriers in their territory, but after stirring many times, the black-and-white marbles will be almost completely mixed. The limit value of this number is 7.

 

Playing cards are the most popular folk entertainment product in the world. After hundreds of years of development and evolution, it has been enduring and deeply loved by people all over the world. As a printed matter, poker has always been regarded as a simple entertainment tool. However, in terms of historical inheritance and cultural transmission, no one can realize that poker has been carrying the changes in history, culture, science, art, and other elements in its long history of development. Poker, like literary games, calligraphy, and painting, carries historical and cultural elements, records all-inclusive information at different time points, and contains countless scientific knowledge.

 

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